Cultural and technical land reclamation

The main problem of reclamation of agricultural lands is their non-involvement in agricultural production and overgrowth of woody and shrub vegetation, which leads to a systematic reduction in the area of agricultural land. In order to preserve Russia’s resource potential, it is necessary to eliminate this violation and return the land to turnover.

Why is land idle and overgrown with forest?

Because it is not profitable to use agricultural land for the purposes that are obvious to the economic entity.
A significant amount of agricultural land is located in the zone of risky farming, where intensive farming is impossible due to climatic conditions. There is a competition, which is won by the lands of southern regions, where there is more heat. It is the lands of the north and the middle zone of Russia that are a problem; they are not cultivated and are overgrown with forests.
there is no mechanism for displacing inefficient owners of agricultural land; in theory, market relations should lead more advanced owners to exploit agricultural land. It is possible to choose a way of profitable farming, but you need the owner’s mind and cheap credit.

However, as long as the owner has not transferred, sold or abandoned his land, he is obliged to carry out measures to preserve agricultural land in a productive state.

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More info about draft and make cultural and technical land reclamation

Order a melioration project and work involving equipment

use of geotextiles against soil erosion

the drainage ditch is full of water

Measuring the height of the site before work

drainage pipes in a ditch for sand filling

earthworks for drainage installation on the site

Cultural and technical land reclamation – what is the list of works?

Clearing of agricultural lands from woody and shrubby vegetation for their further use in agriculture is one of the types of land reclamation.

According to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated January 10, 1996 № 4-FZ “On land reclamation”, depending on the nature of the activities carried out, several types of land reclamation are distinguished:

– hydromelioration;

– agroforestry melioration;

– cultural and technical amelioration;

– chemical melioration.

Cultural and technical amelioration is a complex of measures aimed at clearing lands from woody and herbaceous vegetation, bumps, stumps, moss, stones and other vegetative and inorganic objects hindering agricultural production. Measures also include loosening, sanding, claying, plantation, primary tillage and other works improving soil quality.

For effective utilization of lands requiring cultural and technical improvement, preliminary studies are carried out. On their basis, cultural and technical maps are prepared, containing information on the degree of forest cover and overgrowth, plant species composition, height and diameter of trees, number of shrubs, age of stumps (fresh or rotted), the degree of boulder infestation with their sizes, the quality of soil cover, the presence and removal of trees and shrubs, and the quality of the soil cover.

On the basis of these maps develop projects of works, determine the technology of their implementation and calculate the estimated cost.

The main types of cultural and technical reclamation works include:

removal of tree and shrub vegetation, wood, stones and other objects;
destruction of bumps and moss;
collection and removal of stones;
leveling and primary soil treatment;
deep loosening of soil, leveling of heaps and shafts, filling of pits and ditches.

Cultural and technical works are carried out throughout the year. First, the land is cleared of woody vegetation, then shrubs and stumps are removed using specialized uprooters-loaders mounted on caterpillar tractors.

It is especially important to take into account that uprooting of tree and shrub vegetation and its raking into windrows should preferably be carried out in winter, as mechanical erosion of frozen soil is minimal during this period. In spring and summer, the collected windrows are burned, large boulder stones are extracted and removed, reclaimed lands are plowed, small and medium-sized stones are removed, and final site layout is carried out.